Biopowered - vegetable oil and biodiesel forum

Biodiesel => Chemistry and process => Topic started by: nigelb on November 02, 2013, 04:48:15 PM

Title: Finishing methods
Post by: nigelb on November 02, 2013, 04:48:15 PM
Brian has raised a very interesting point on Daves thread regarding his issues.

So here are the two popular scenario's:

1.Water washing
2. Demething/recovery and then bubbling the balance of meth to atmosphere.

There maybe an additional process step with drywash towers.

Brian has said that water washing is wasteful...even if using harvested rain water?!.. and is looking via the forum for a "non wasteful way" of finishing fuel.

The question is....what are the alternatives?

Are there any alternatives?

Water washing uses water.....bubbling after demeth liberates methanol to atmosphere. Both could be seen as wasteful.

What, if anything is the answer?








Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Jamesrl on November 02, 2013, 05:07:41 PM
Nige, if you're harvesting rain water don't worry, each 1/4" of rain produces in excess of 25 tons of water per acre or 57 tons per football pitch.

There's also a plus to rain water, it's acidic, carbonic I believe.

Forget to mention, harvested water would never have hit the ground as Brian suggests, it'd go straight into surface water drainage, carry on as you are.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: nigelb on November 02, 2013, 05:15:26 PM
Nige, if you're harvesting rain water don't worry, each 1/4" of rain produces in excess of 25 tons of water per acre or 57 tons per football pitch.

There's also a plus to rain water, it's acidic, carbonic I believe.

I'm not worried Pops...but Brian, being an eco warrior, clearly is.

He does raise an interesting point though, no potential solutions, but a point well worth discussion.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Tony on November 02, 2013, 05:45:31 PM
My personal feeling is that water washing is a better way to guarantee good fuel quality, however demething/settling/drywashing can achieve the same thing - if you know what you're doing.

My personal twist on demeth and settling is gently pumped agitation (CH pump) - really seems to help with soap settling!
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: nigelb on November 02, 2013, 06:02:54 PM
My personal feeling is that water washing is a better way to guarantee good fuel quality, however demething/settling/drywashing can achieve the same thing - if you know what you're doing.

My personal twist on demeth and settling is gently pumped agitation (CH pump) - really seems to help with soap settling!

I agree with your first point Tony....and your second, although I wouldn't go there again. I wouldn't dare to tell anybody what to do (offer forward my fountain of knowledge, yes!) but tell someone what to do...no!

The question still remains....water washing with trace methanol going to the sewerage system with water washing or lberating methanol to atmosphere via bubbling...are there any viable, economical or environmental alternatives?
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Jamesrl on November 02, 2013, 06:42:35 PM
The question still remains....water washing with trace methanol going to the sewerage system with water washing or lberating methanol to atmosphere via bubbling...are there any viable, economical or environmental alternatives?

A small percentage of methanol in grey water is not a problem, methanol is used to feed certain bacteria at the sewage plant.

Our effect on the supply and recycling of water is so miniscule in the scheme of things none of us should give it a second thought.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: K.H on November 02, 2013, 07:10:41 PM
Its no where near as big an environmental issue as some of the veggy guys using new oil  ;)
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Tony on November 02, 2013, 07:21:57 PM
Anyone that demeths with a condenser gets the majority recovered for re-use anyway, so no waste to atmosphere.

A little meth out there is no problem anyway, it biodegrades in three days.  Even apples have methanol in (the older the apple, the more methanol!)

In terms of environmental impact the most damaging part is probably the carbon footprint from crude extraction from oil wells, fractional distillation to get the methanol, and then its transportation.

The tapwater/waste environmental argument is just pissing in the wind compared to that, so really it makes little difference which way you finish your fuel.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Julian on November 02, 2013, 07:33:17 PM
According to the Methanol Institute, methanol is used to reduce nitrates in waste water treatment, so perhaps we are doing the water companies a favor ... should we invoice them for our methanol or try and get an offset against our bills?

http://www.methanol.org/environment/wastewater-treatment.aspx

Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: willbuild on November 02, 2013, 08:00:05 PM
maybe it helps dissolve those balls of fat we see in sewers!
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Jamesrl on November 02, 2013, 08:29:14 PM
maybe it helps dissolve those balls of fat we see in sewers!

Fats/triglycerides are NOT soluble in methanol, that's why a 3/27, 10/90 works.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Head Womble on November 02, 2013, 10:20:46 PM
maybe it helps dissolve those balls of fat we see in sewers!

Fats/triglycerides are NOT soluble in methanol, that's why a 3/27, 10/90 works.

Surely the soap we wash down the drains helps, marginally at least.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Jamesrl on November 03, 2013, 12:12:01 AM

Surely the soap we wash down the drains helps, marginally at least.

Have you ever tried to clean a greasy surface with cold water even with washing up liquid in it, let alone solidified animal fats in a sewer with water trickling over it?
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Julian on November 03, 2013, 12:28:31 AM
[Have you ever tried to clean a greasy surface with cold water ...

That's got to be the joke of the century, surely?

You've just asked Womble if he's ever tried to clean a surface ... have you seen the state of his shed?
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: whatarascal on November 03, 2013, 08:13:13 AM
Brian has raised a very interesting point on Daves thread regarding his issues.

So here are the two popular scenario's:

1.Water washing
2. Demething/recovery and then bubbling the balance of meth to atmosphere.

There maybe an additional process step with drywash towers.

Brian has said that water washing is wasteful...even if using harvested rain water?!.. and is looking via the forum for a "non wasteful way" of finishing fuel.

The question is....what are the alternatives?

Are there any alternatives?

Water washing uses water.....bubbling after demeth liberates methanol to atmosphere. Both could be seen as wasteful.

What, if anything is the answer?


I didn't mean to raise a point,I thought I asked how is a good way of removing the waxy flakey stuff,
It don't seem to settle but clings to the sides of the settling drum.
When this stuff is present it blocks my 1 micron filters I use.I do put jay cloths around filters but its a pain to have to keep changing cloths.
Perhaps it would be better to filter the fuel from the top of the settling drum via an anti siphon tube set near the bottom.
Leaving the flakey stuff"whatever it is"on the sides.
So how do you remove the waxy flakey stuff?
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Bill on November 03, 2013, 08:43:11 AM
The problem is not so much what finishing method, it is that a finishing method is needed. If the conversion process didn't produce contaminated bio a finshing stage would not be necessary.
Not a solution but perhaps a different point of view.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Tony on November 03, 2013, 09:10:47 AM
Brian has raised a very interesting point on Daves thread regarding his issues.

So here are the two popular scenario's:

1.Water washing
2. Demething/recovery and then bubbling the balance of meth to atmosphere.

There maybe an additional process step with drywash towers.

Brian has said that water washing is wasteful...even if using harvested rain water?!.. and is looking via the forum for a "non wasteful way" of finishing fuel.

The question is....what are the alternatives?

Are there any alternatives?

Water washing uses water.....bubbling after demeth liberates methanol to atmosphere. Both could be seen as wasteful.

What, if anything is the answer?


I didn't mean to raise a point,I thought I asked how is a good way of removing the waxy flakey stuff,
It don't seem to settle but clings to the sides of the settling drum.
When this stuff is present it blocks my 1 micron filters I use.I do put jay cloths around filters but its a pain to have to keep changing cloths.
Perhaps it would be better to filter the fuel from the top of the settling drum via an anti siphon tube set near the bottom.
Leaving the flakey stuff"whatever it is"on the sides.
So how do you remove the waxy flakey stuff?

Right so my setup has a 12mm copper pipe bent into a J shape.  When I'm pumping out through the drywash tower to storage I have some wire that is attached to a nail in the shed above it which I use to progressively lower this J shaped bit of pipe into the settled bio.  When it's getting to the bottom it's pretty clear where any wax sits so I'm just careful not to disturb that.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Tony on November 03, 2013, 09:14:41 AM
The problem is not so much what finishing method, it is that a finishing method is needed. If the conversion process didn't produce contaminated bio a finshing stage would not be necessary.
Not a solution but perhaps a different point of view.

The way I see it there are two problems:

- the production of soap from water and free fatty acids; without water and free fatty acids this could be avoided (IE use ASM which doesn't contain water, and fresh oil)

- leaving methanol in the final fuel may potentially lead to further reaction in the fuel tank (producing glycerol); maybe this could be avoided by assuring a complete reaction?

So if you use fresh oil, ASM and ensure complete reaction, maybe you don't need to finish the fuel.

However that use of fresh oil is bit of a killer from our point of view.

Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Bill on November 03, 2013, 01:03:02 PM
Well, glad to see Tony's picked up the ball and running with it.
The only thing I can think of at the moment is some sort of pixie dust (yet to be discovered) which is added at the end of the reaction to kill all the excess methanol and catalyst and put it on the glycerol to drain off. Leaving clean biodiesel on top of course.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Tony on November 03, 2013, 01:05:34 PM
Well the old school method was ion exchange resin, which turned the soaps in the fuel back to free fatty acids.  But none of us are convinced that's a good thing to do to your fuel.  That said, from what I understand Carrington is running vehicles on high ratios of free fatty acids, so perhaps we are mistaken.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Tony on November 03, 2013, 01:09:35 PM
The table here states that free fatty acid is bad for injection pumps:

http://www.biopowered.co.uk/wiki/Effect_of_biodiesel_on_fuel_injection_systems
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: nigelb on November 03, 2013, 04:49:54 PM
I didn't mean to raise a point,I thought I asked how is a good way of removing the waxy flakey stuff,
It don't seem to settle but clings to the sides of the settling drum.
When this stuff is present it blocks my 1 micron filters I use.I do put jay cloths around filters but its a pain to have to keep changing cloths.
Perhaps it would be better to filter the fuel from the top of the settling drum via an anti siphon tube set near the bottom.
Leaving the flakey stuff"whatever it is"on the sides.
So how do you remove the waxy flakey stuff?

Brian, you were raising issues regarding wasteful practices on "Daves Flakey issues" thread. This is the reason I posted this thread.

Personally, unless anybody can come up with an alternative, economical and efficent way of finishing fuel that does not produce waxy & flakey deposits then any method of water washing is the answer.

In all the years and all the batches of fuel I've produced I've never seen any sort of post or after filter waxy deposit issues....apart from when I dipped my toes into demething.

Brian....have you done a search into my methods yet?
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: whatarascal on November 03, 2013, 05:47:48 PM
I didn't mean to raise a point,I thought I asked how is a good way of removing the waxy flakey stuff,
It don't seem to settle but clings to the sides of the settling drum.
When this stuff is present it blocks my 1 micron filters I use.I do put jay cloths around filters but its a pain to have to keep changing cloths.
Perhaps it would be better to filter the fuel from the top of the settling drum via an anti siphon tube set near the bottom.
Leaving the flakey stuff"whatever it is"on the sides.
So how do you remove the waxy flakey stuff?

Brian, you were raising issues regarding wasteful practices on "Daves Flakey issues" thread. This is the reason I posted this thread.

Personally, unless anybody can come up with an alternative, economical and efficent way of finishing fuel that does not produce waxy & flakey deposits then any method of water washing is the answer.

In all the years and all the batches of fuel I've produced I've never seen any sort of post or after filter waxy deposit issues....apart from when I dipped my toes into demething.

Brian....have you done a search into my methods yet?

No I have not Nige.,I am sure its probably the best way to produce and finish fuel.
As I wont be water washing,apart perhaps from a prewash  cant see the point in trawling through stuff that is of no use to me.
There are others on here who wont be water washing either,for all kinds of reasons,so even if we cant find an answer to the flakey waxy stuff we may find an easy way of filtering it out.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: nigelb on November 03, 2013, 06:12:38 PM
Makes me wonder why you asked for details of my process Brian!

It strikes me that the way to avoid having to go through the efforts of having to filter it out...or drop the contents of the fuel tank when it really catches you out is to avoid producing them in the first place. ie having a water wash within the process.......and possibly to avoid any sort of demeth.

The demeth part may well be the common denominator. As previously said it may be feed stock related as well.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: nigelb on November 03, 2013, 07:57:08 PM
Bill...I do like your way of thinking ;)
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: julesandtash on November 03, 2013, 08:16:45 PM
I'm happy with my acid water washing.
20 litres of acid with a slug of concentrated sulphuric acid for the first wash then two 40 litre water washes then dry.

100 litres of water and 100ml or so of acid to wash 300 litres of bio doesn't seem that wasteful in my book.

Being water based it certainly seems to work with taking out any strange products in the fuel as I haven't seen any flakey stuff settling out anywhere.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: 1958steveflying on November 03, 2013, 09:13:17 PM
I'm happy with my acid water washing.
20 litres of acid with a slug of concentrated sulphuric acid for the first wash then two 40 litre water washes then dry.

100 litres of water and 100ml or so of acid to wash 300 litres of bio doesn't seem that wasteful in my book.

Being water based it certainly seems to work with taking out any strange products in the fuel as I haven't seen any flakey stuff settling out anywhere.

Do you test the Ph of your finished Bio ?
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Julian on November 03, 2013, 09:57:30 PM
I'm happy with my acid water washing.
20 litres of acid with a slug of concentrated sulphuric acid for the first wash then two 40 litre water washes then dry.

100 litres of water and 100ml or so of acid to wash 300 litres of bio doesn't seem that wasteful in my book.

Being water based it certainly seems to work with taking out any strange products in the fuel as I haven't seen any flakey stuff settling out anywhere.


Do you test the Ph of your finished Bio ?


I also do a titrated acid wash and, like Jules find it pretty good.  Most times I'll test the pH of the final wash water and so far every one has come up neutral.


Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Head Womble on November 03, 2013, 11:03:17 PM
[Have you ever tried to clean a greasy surface with cold water ...

That's got to be the joke of the century, surely?

You've just asked Womble if he's ever tried to clean a surface ... have you seen the state of his shed?

I would take exception to that comment if it wasn't true.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: julesandtash on November 04, 2013, 06:16:46 AM
Quote

Do you test the Ph of your finished Bio ?

I'm pretty sure you cant test the ph of biodiesel as it doesn't contain any water  (or shouldn't do any way).
This is why we titrate veg oil and partially converted biodiesel to ascertain an acid value as opposed to using a pH tester
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: slabster on November 04, 2013, 05:12:01 PM
Well the old school method was ion exchange resin, which turned the soaps in the fuel back to free fatty acids.  But none of us are convinced that's a good thing to do to your fuel.  That said, from what I understand Carrington is running vehicles on high ratios of free fatty acids, so perhaps we are mistaken.

Is not FFA converted to a Fatty Acid Ester by esterification.

Slabs
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Tony on November 04, 2013, 10:32:15 PM
Good question.  Might need a chemist for that!

I suspect not, otherwise the free fatty acids released from glycerol by acid reaction could be methylated to make biodiesel too.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Carrington on November 06, 2013, 08:42:33 PM
Just a quick reply.
After cracking the Glyc all the FFA's need to be converted to methyl ester (biodiesel) by acid esterification. This process is much less straight forward than transeterification of tryglyceride.
When processing I need to convert down to about 0.5% FFA's.

Hope this clears things up.

I should be back soon with tails of my new process and finishing procedure

Cheers

Paul
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: julesandtash on November 06, 2013, 08:49:24 PM
I so wanted to say that but thought that you were still cagey about disclosing the details of your process to the world Paul

Good to see you posting, hopefully all is still going well and progressing from last time I saw you
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Julian on November 06, 2013, 08:56:26 PM
Great to see you back again, Paul.

We've missed your words of wisdom!
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: Carrington on November 06, 2013, 09:04:29 PM
No wisdom here just rambling of an old fool , but yes should be popping in a bit more soon , just need to finish a little project I've been working on.
Title: Re: Finishing methods
Post by: nigelb on November 06, 2013, 09:13:33 PM
Paul...next time your over Leicester way give me a call. I've got 250lts of glyc here for you.