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Biodiesel => Chemistry and process => Topic started by: Rossey on September 23, 2013, 07:04:52 AM

Title: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on September 23, 2013, 07:04:52 AM
I want to try the above as I still don't quite understand titrations.

So to make sure I've got it right.

I will have a 100l batch

So I measure out 3.5g per litre (naoh) = 350g with 80% meth = 16l

But this bit I don't quite get.

2nd stage

How much Noah do I add?
Is it only the amount of drop out in my 90/10 with the remaining 20% of meth?


And can someone clarify how I go about reading and working out 'drop out' from a 90/10 flask please.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: julianf on September 23, 2013, 09:37:42 AM
S1 chem is open to debate - people do different things here, but your figures dont look crazy.  Personally, id add more catalyst, but many dont.

S2 -

the drop out in ml that you read on a 10/90 test is related to the percentage unconverted (in the whole batch)

so, if you add 10ml of product, and you get 1ml drop out, then that is 10% of the 10ml - which also means 10% of the batch as a whole.

so, say, you get 0.8ml drop out on a 10/90 test, and you have 95 litres in the reactor after dropping the glycerol, then that is...

0.8ml is 8% of 10ml
so 8% of the batch unconverted
so 8% of 95litres is...

95 x 0.08

(whatever that is!)

so then you have your liters of oil left in the batch

you then need to mix up the chem for that (not for the whole batch!)

again, open for debate as for the quantity, but, with naoh, 5g / ltr (of unconverted) + 20% of meth (again of the unconverted) would not be far out.

test again at the end of s2, to be sure.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Chug on September 24, 2013, 09:08:58 PM
If you have say 1ml dropout in 10/90, that is 10% unconverted oil so you need to add 10% of the original amount of catalyst to the remaining 20% Meth.

so if the original catalyst amount was 350g then it's 35g NaOH in 4 litres meth.

Unless the oil is little used you will probably get more than 1ml fallout using only 350g NaOH, but it just means adding more catalyst for stage 2, after a few batches you will have a handle on the amounts your oil needs.

A tip from me, when you think you have finished take a sample from your processor before you turn everything off and leave it to settle, if you have any problems with glyc not separating or jellying bio you will find out before you start to settle/drain the main batch and can try and fix it rather than leaving it to settle the glyc and finding out later when you come to drain the main batch.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on September 25, 2013, 07:08:39 AM
Thanks guys  :)

What temperature do I react at?
And meth boils at 64c doesn't it?
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: willbuild on September 25, 2013, 12:10:20 PM
A good question, I think it starts at 67c , I also wander is there an exact temp to process at. I start at about 58c switch off the heating element so that its still above 53c by the time 2nd stage is done.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: therecklessengineer on September 25, 2013, 02:38:07 PM
Reaction temperature isn't really that critical. Somewhere between 50-65 will be fine.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: nigelb on September 25, 2013, 06:39:34 PM
I know of people who react in the 70's.

The thing with methanols boiling point is that it only relates to it as a stand alone and pure liquid. Once you mix it with hydroxides or methylates and WVO the boiling point has little relevance to 65C. When blended all sorts of properties change.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Julian on September 25, 2013, 07:13:08 PM
I know of people who react in the 70's.

The thing with methanols boiling point is that it only relates to it as a stand alone and pure liquid. Once you mix it with hydroxides or methylates and WVO the boiling point has little relevance to 65C. When blended all sorts of properties change.

I often react at over 70°C.

Methanol must vapourise from the mix or you wouldn't be able to distill it off.  My take is that as a GL is 'effectively' a sealed system bar filling, emptying, expansion and contraction, the ullage space will be saturated with vapour, leaving the bulk of the methanol in the mix.

Some vapour will obviously condense on the processor walls and run back into the mix, to be replaced by newly evolved vapour.

Whatever process the methanol undergoes, the reaction still occurs.  Wether it occurs any quicker is difficult to say, but it certainly speeds up my demething which was previously sluggish to say the least.

Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: nigelb on September 25, 2013, 07:40:53 PM
I dare say that methanol begins to vapourise at very low temperatures. A bit like water really...starts to vapourise way before boiling point
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on September 25, 2013, 07:46:20 PM
I often react at over 70°C.

Methanol must vapourise from the mix or you wouldn't be able to distill it off.  My take is that as a GL is 'effectively' a sealed system bar filling, emptying, expansion and contraction, the ullage space will be saturated with vapour, leaving the bulk of the methanol in the mix.

Some vapour will obviously condense on the processor walls and run back into the mix, to be replaced by newly evolved vapour.

Whatever process the methanol undergoes, the reaction still occurs.  Wether it occurs any quicker is difficult to say, but it certainly speeds up my demething which was previously sluggish to say the least.

You're absolutely correct, once the head space is saturated there's nowhere for any more methanol to evaporate too.

I react the first stage at 65c, it's also the temperature I inject the methoxide.

During the second stage I increase the temperature to 80c ready to go straight into demeth.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on September 25, 2013, 07:50:28 PM
I dare say that methanol begins to vapourise at very low temperatures. A bit like water really...starts to vapourise way before boiling point

Correct, methanol starts to evaporate at -97.999c so I don't know why peeps are so concerned with the boiling point of 64.7c.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: nigelb on September 25, 2013, 08:08:21 PM
I dare say that methanol begins to vapourise at very low temperatures. A bit like water really...starts to vapourise way before boiling point

Correct, methanol starts to evaporate at -97.999c so I don't know why peeps are so concerned with the boiling point of 64.7c.

'cause  for some, that's the only information they have about the stuff and often quote it unnecessarily. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on September 25, 2013, 08:13:00 PM
I dare say that methanol begins to vapourise at very low temperatures. A bit like water really...starts to vapourise way before boiling point

Correct, methanol starts to evaporate at -97.999c so I don't know why peeps are so concerned with the boiling point of 64.7c.

Because I don't want a kaboom  ;D
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on September 25, 2013, 08:15:15 PM
I dare say that methanol begins to vapourise at very low temperatures. A bit like water really...starts to vapourise way before boiling point

Correct, methanol starts to evaporate at -97.999c so I don't know why peeps are so concerned with the boiling point of 64.7c.

'cause  for some, that's the only information they have about the stuff and often quote it unnecessarily. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.

It's all new to me and that's why I'm asking the questions  ;)
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: nigelb on September 25, 2013, 08:28:29 PM
There are some things, chemically, you don't need to be concerned about Rossey. However, I think that plant design and adequate ventilation should be top of your list.

Good practice with chems is something to take note of with good PPE and ventillation so as not to come in contact with fumes or liberated dust.

I wasn't trying to be patronising..sorry if it came across like that.

Questions are good...especially when relevant.

Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: willbuild on September 25, 2013, 09:58:08 PM
I have a 100ltr gl processor that i fill to about 93ltrs leaving a small headspace. when i demeth i start to recover just over 65c and i limit the temp to around 87c. when i notice the rate slows to a drip per second (about 60 mins) i turn off the heat and leave demething for around another 60 mins.
when i've collected between 7 and 8 lts i then stop.
Should i heat above 87c?
If i heat above that will i be also evaporating the water that was in the prewash?
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Julian on September 25, 2013, 10:07:38 PM
If you are demething and pre-washing, demeth first to keep the methanol as pure as possible and then do your 7% pre-wash.

It's not really been proven, but there's a strong school of thought that high processing temperatures can promote HMPEs (or what ever we're calling them this month).  Personally I don't go much higher than 75°C when demething and let the water washes remove any residual methanol.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on September 25, 2013, 10:27:21 PM

If i heat above that will i be also evaporating the water that was in the prewash?


Water starts to evaporate at 0.01c so trying to keep the temperature low is a complete waste of time and effort.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: willbuild on September 25, 2013, 10:30:29 PM
now that makes sense. by the time i reach 75c i am getting a good flow. I understood that i had to pre wash before demeth and could not work out what difference it made
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: willbuild on September 25, 2013, 10:43:06 PM
have been in spain for the last 5 weeks looking after my mum and should be back in cardiff next week. Will have around 200 lts of wvo to collect and i got 50 ltrs of meth sealed and stored waiting for my return. have done alot of reading and using the forum the last few weeks and cant wait to put into practice. thank you everyone for the advice.
Oh and i nearly forgot alifreddy
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on September 26, 2013, 06:31:17 PM
thank you everyone for the advice.

Oh and i nearly forgot alifreddy

Yes, don't forget young freddy, I bet you've learned a vast amount from his posts.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on September 27, 2013, 06:33:04 AM
There are some things, chemically, you don't need to be concerned about Rossey. However, I think that plant design and adequate ventilation should be top of your list.

Good practice with chems is something to take note of with good PPE and ventillation so as not to come in contact with fumes or liberated dust.

I wasn't trying to be patronising..sorry if it came across like that.

Questions are good...especially when relevant.

That's ok mate.

Just thought that boiling a very flammable liquid isn't a good idea.


Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on October 05, 2013, 02:02:39 PM
Not bad for my first attempt

(http://i680.photobucket.com/albums/vv169/ROSSEY_123/3DDA1159-21DF-4FA0-B51B-C3D01189DF72-2198-0000025FC6F4DA13_zpsda2758dc.jpg)
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on October 05, 2013, 05:49:47 PM
That'll do, simples innit.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on October 05, 2013, 05:56:43 PM
That'll do, simples innit.

Would you run that in your car?
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on October 05, 2013, 06:20:35 PM
Ngquote author=Rossey link=topic=1570.msg18797#msg18797 date=1380992203]
That'll do, simples innit.

Would you run that in your car?
[/quote]

Certainly would geezer.

Bang it in and enjoy, when it's ready that is.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on October 05, 2013, 06:35:54 PM
Ngquote author=Rossey link=topic=1570.msg18797#msg18797 date=1380992203]
That'll do, simples innit.

Would you run that in your car?

Certainly would geezer.

Bang it in and enjoy, when it's ready that is.
[/quote]

I'm bubbling it over night and leaving it to settle for a couple of weeks, then filtering through two 1 mic filters.

Is that good enough?
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on October 05, 2013, 10:14:07 PM
Quote from: Rossey link=topic=1570.msg18799#msg18799
I'm bubbling it over night and leaving it to settle for a couple of weeks, then filtering through two 1 mic filters.

Is that good enough?

Are you demething in the reactor first?

Bubble, settle, wait, filter, that's the way to do it.

I do serious filtering,  I use a J-cloth.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Rossey on October 06, 2013, 10:41:26 AM
Quote from: Rossey link=topic=1570.msg18799#msg18799
I'm bubbling it over night and leaving it to settle for a couple of weeks, then filtering through two 1 mic filters.

Is that good enough?

Are you demething in the reactor first?

Bubble, settle, wait, filter, that's the way to do it.

I do serious filtering,  I use a J-cloth.

I didn't Demeth, just bubbling as its my first try and didn't want to reverse the reaction.
Title: Re: Two stage no tit-question
Post by: Jamesrl on October 06, 2013, 11:08:51 AM

I didn't Demeth, just bubbling as its my first try and didn't want to reverse the reaction.

Drain off the glycerol first, demeth the bio only.

Remember next doors dog, methanol fumes are toxic.