I may be talking out of my backside here ... I usually do, but there are quite a few examples on the web of building a strobe using an Arduino. Most seem to have a variable frequency and some a variable duration.
I'm far from an expert, but I'd have thought it wouldn't be too difficult to re-code so the lamp is triggered by an input signal. Most of the samples I looked at just use standard LEDs but again with modification/extra components (SSR?) I'd have thought you could drive alternative lamps.